Apparatus for harvesting trees



Jan. 29, 1952 sHuFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES l2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 22, v1950 INVENTOR. wag .Sf/d/f yzw 5 [7017231 Jan. 29, 1952 H. SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 INVENTOR. #04/7 s/w Jan. 29, 1952 H. SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 HTI'OKNEXS Jan. 29, 1952 SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVE STING TREES 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed- Sept. 22, 1950 INVENTOR. #04 saw-f ,V/TOKACEYS Jan. 29, 1952 H. SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES 12 Sheets-Sheet '5 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 iT X/ YS Jan. 29, 1952 s u 2,583,971

APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES Filed Sept. 22, 1950 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR. I #04 j/Mff W $551: ITTJ/F/VE Y5 Jan. 29, 1952 H. SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES l2 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 INVENTOR.

H04 J/M/IF ECW3414 Jan. 29, 1952 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 12 Sheets-Sheet 10 INVENTOR. 5W4 .f/M f Jan. 29, 1952 SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES l2 Sheets-Sheet 11 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 INVENTOR. 0 .f/l'ff firm/WW5 Jan. 29, SHUFF APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES 12 Sheets-Sheet 112 Filed Sept. 22, 1950 mwN wwN

Patented Jan. 29, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT" OFFICE 2,583,971 APPARATUS FOR HARVESTING TREES Hugh Shuif. Oneonta, Ala. Application September 22, 1950, Serial No. 186,151

7 Claims. (01. 144--208) My present invention relates to apparatus for harvesting trees and has for an object the provision of apparatus of the character designated by which standing trees may be barked, the limbs thereof trimmed oil and the tree then felled.

In the cutting of trees for lumber purposesi is conservatively estimated that approximately 40% of the trunks of timber trees hauled from the forest to the saw mill is wasted. This wastage is principally in the form of the slabs resulting from squaring up the log in the process of. cutting it into lumber. It is also well known'in the art that such slabs are entirely suitable for the manufacture of by-products such as paper provided the bark is removed therefrom. Attempts have been made to remove bark after the slabs are out, then to supply such barked slabs in proper lengths to paper mills. Insofar as I am aware, such attempts have not been successful due principally to the difficulties of physically handling the slabs after they are cut from the log. Consequently, large quantities of valuable wood are wasted because there exists nocommercially feasible way to remove the bark.

In attempting to overcome the difiicultiespresented by the above problem I have conceived that the most expeditious way to obtain bark free slabs is to bark the tree before it is felled: In barking the tree I also remove the limbs, knots and the like projecting from the body of the trunk. Having removed the bark and limbs I then top the tree and fell it, delivering to the saw mill a skinned, clean log. Further, the usable length of the log is increased inasmuch as I can bark the tree further toward the top than actually will be sawed into lumber with the idea that the clean, barked, small diameter enditself can be sold for pulp wood.

An object is to provide apparatus for accomplishing the foregoing embodying a plurality of rotary cutters mounted in a supporting struc ture in such manner that the. cutters may be placed in cutting position around a standing tree, and also embodying improved means causing the cutters to accommodate themselves to the changing diameter of the tree from the stump toward the top.

Another object is to provide apparatus of the character designated in which the cutters are.

effective to remove limbs and the like projecting from the tree trunks as the apparatus is moved up the standing tree during the process of removing the bark.

Further objects are to provide apparatus em bodying the foregoing features which also is proi in the accompanying drawings forming a.

vided with a tree toppingsaw forming an integral part of the apparatus, which saw may be operated at the will of the operator to top the tree; to provide tree clamping mechanism whereby after the tree has been barked and topped the same may be supported while workmen cut the tree at the base, permitting the tree to be loaded on a vehicle or the like by the same crane used to support my improved apparatus; and in general to provide barking and topping apparatus for standing trees which shall be rugged, simple .of construction and operation and fully effective for its intended purposes.

A form of apparatus which embodies the constructional features of my invention is illustrated part of this application in which:

Figs. 1 to 3, inclusive, are wholly diagrammatic views illustrating the principles of my invention;

Fig. 4 is a somewhat diagrammatic detailed view illustrating my improved apparatus clamped to a barked topped tree holding the same ready for the tree to be severed adjacent its stump end; Fig. 4a is vew illustrating the crane supporting the apparatus about a tree during the barking operation; I

Fig. 5 is a side elevational view illustrating the apparatus in operation on a tree and showing the method of supporting the same from the upper end of the crane boom;

Fig. 6 is a detail elevationalview illustrating the automatic locking mechanism for holding the pivoted housing in lockedfposition about a tree together with the unlatching mechanism there:

for; v I Fig. '7 is a Qsomewhatdiagrammatic sectional plan view-illustrating the apparatus in open posit'ion about a tree;

Fig. 8 is a somewhat diagrammatic jsectional plan view illustrating the apparatus in position ona tree, certain of the parts being omittedfor. the sake of clarity; f '1 Fig.9 is a side elevatio'nal view, partly broken;

away and in section and drawn to an enlarged scale;

. Fig 101s a detail sectional view taken generally along line X-X of Fig, 9 but having a number;-

of parts omitted for the sake of clarity;-

Fig. 11 is a fragmentaldetached view, partly in section; showing one of the motor drivencutteri assemblies and supporting mechanism therefor';.

Figs 12- is an elevational view of one of :the'

cutters;

thedrawings. The sections are provided 11b, 18b, and l9b, respectively.

3 Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view. taken generally along line XIII--XIII of Fig. 12;

Fig. '14 is a fragmental elevational view taken along line XIV-XIV of Fig. 9 with certain parts broken'away the better to illustrate the clamping mechanism for securing the apparatus to a tree after the same is barked and topped;

Fig. 14a is a detail sectional view taken generally along line XIV a -XlVa of Fig. 14;

Fig. 15 is a plan view of the frame of the apparatus with substantially all of the mechanism removed, partly broken away; r

Fig. 16 is a detail sectional view taken along line XVIXVI of Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a detail sectional view taken along line XVII--XVl'Iof Fig. 16; and,

Fig. 18 is a wholly diagrammatic. view to. illustrate the hydraulic and electrical control circuits ably mounted for rotation as will presently appear, and having concave cutting surfaces H I disposed to engage the tree T to be barked, limbed and topped. Further, the cutters Hi embody conical shaped ends t2 which also are serrated to-provide cutting surfaces.

which is secured a spindle 2t.

. races pressed onto the boss.

The central or supporting section ll of the housing carries an outstanding boss 2 within It is from the boss 24 that the entire device is pivotally. supported so that its longitudinal axis may be moved in a vertical plane up' and down a tree.

The outwardly elongated boss 24 is threaded as at 21 to receive a nut 28 which holds the spindle 2,6 in place therein. Surrounding the boss 24 are bearings 29 and 3| with their inner On the end of the boom l6 of the crane C, and pivoted thereto as at 33, is a housing 85 within which the outer races of the bearings 29 are fitted. Formed in tegrally with the housing 34 is an upwardly extending brace plate 35. Pivotally connected to the upper end of. the plate 36 by a pin 3? is the piston rod 38 of a double acting'fluid pressure As will appear as thedescription proceeds, the

By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that if a plurality of the cutters I0 is to engage. completely about a tree the concave surfaces H thereof must engagethe tree adjacent its lower largediameter end at a relatively small angle to the horizontal. However, and as is shown in Figs. 2 and 3, as the cutters move up the tree to a reduced diameter section thereof, the longitudinal axis of the cutter must increase in angularity relative to the horizontal. Thus, it is necessary in carrying out my invention to provide means for varying the angle between the longitudinal axes of the cutters and the horizontal. After the tree is skinned and limbed I provide topping mechanism in the form of a saw structure it which may be brought into operation at the will of the operator to cut the top. from the tree as shown in Fig. 3. I

After the tree is topped the entire apparatus is moved downwardly so that it is approximately at the center of gravity of the tree. the clamp ing means heretofore mentioned is brought into play, and the tree is out along the line H adjacent its baseby any suitable means such as by. workmen'with cross-cut or power saws. 1

Since the entire apparatus is supported on the boom [6 of a crane C as shown in Fig. 4a.; the

usable part of the trunk may be loaded onto a. vehicle for hauling to the saw mill without reuing the tree to the ground. V

Referring nowlmore particularly to Figs. 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 15 it will be seen that my improved apparatus comprises'generally a main housing, circular in shape. Thehousing is divided into three arcuate sections [1, l8 and [9. The section [1 is what I shall refer to hereinafter as the central or supporting section of the housing inasmuch as it is the portion of the apparatus to which the crane boom attaches. The section l8 and i9 are pivoted as will be expained later to the opposite edges of the central section I1, and there is provided mechanism for parting the same along the lines 2 I, 22 and 23 shown in covers center of gravity of the apparatus as a. whole is below the axial line of the spindle 2t and boss 24 so that the same normally hangs by gravity in the position illustrated in Figs. 5 and 9 of the drawing. As best. shown in Figs. 16, and 17 the housing sections 18. and it are pivoted at their respective. sides or ends. to the central section I] on two. vertically aligned points 123 and 9. The two upper pivot points 43 comprise pins carried in the outer ends of arms at. The arms 5| are formed integrally with an upstanding reinforced part 52 ofthe housing section H. The lower sets of pivot points, each of which is vertically aligned beneath its associated upper pivot 7 point, are. formed by forwardly projecting arms 53 and a lower bearing boss 54, both of which are formed integrally with the section ii. The sections I8 and is each carry a boss 56 fitting between their respective arms 53 and 54, and the pivotal connection is completed by the provision of a pin 51 passing therethrou'g'h.

Formed integrally with the boss 58 of the section [9 is an arm 58. Formed integrally with the boss 56 on the section I 8 are a pair of arms 59 and 6!. A tie rod 52 is pivotally connected at each end to the arms 5.8 and 59, tying the sections 18 and I9 together for simultaneous, equi 61. The piston rod 5? is pivotally connected at 68 to the outer end ofthearm 5i. Fuid pressure lines 69 and H are provided for the admission of fluid to either end of thecylinder (it. The upstanding portion 52 of the housing section Ii isprovided with slots 72 which permit the piston 56 to pivot about its pivot point 63 upon opening:

member 15 having a slot-I1 therein for receiving the wedge shaped projection I6.

The keeper I5 is cut out as at I8 to provide a detent for receiving a locking member I9 pivotally mounted as at 8| to the plate I4. The locking member is biased into engagement with the keeper by means of a spring 82. The member I9 is moved to unlatching position by means of a small fluid pressure cylinder 83 having a piston 84 and piston rod 86 therein. The piston rod is disposed beneath the projecting end of the member I9, whereupon when fluid is admitted through a line 81 to the lower end of the cylinder the piston rod moves upwardly, withdrawing the locking member I9 from the keeper. It will benoted that the locking end proper of the member I9 is sloped as at 83 whereby when the sections I8 and I9 are brought together the lever is automatically depressed and engages behind the keeper. Further, the'wedge shaped projection 16 cooperates with the slot TI to center the sections I8 and I9 vertically, assuring that they match properly when closed.

The cutters and means for supporting, driving and changing the angularity from the horizontal as well as for moving them toward and from the tree will now be described. Mounted within the segmental central housing section I! for rotary movement relative thereto is a segmental control ring 9I, see particularly Figs. 9, and 11. The ring BI is supported adjacent its outer periphery on vertically disposed upper sets of rollers 92 and lower sets 93 therefore. The rollers are mounted for rotation on suitable pins projecting from the inner wall of the housing section II. The inner periphery of the ring 9I is supported on the flat surface of horizontal rollers 94 mounted for rotation in brackets 96 carried by the inner wall of the housing section II. The ring is held against lateral shifting by means of inner horizontally disposed rollers 91 and pairs of outer horizontally disposed rollers 98. The ring 9| is thus rigidly confined to rotation relative to the housing section II about the center from which the wall portion thereof is struck.

Pivotally connected as at 99 and IM to the ends of the arcuate ring section 9| are arcuate sections I02 and I03 of cutter control rings associated with the housing sections I8 and I9, re-

spectively. These arcuate ring sections are supported in very muchthe same way as these previously described on rollers 94, 92 and 93, and held against lateral shifting by the rollers 91 and 98. It will thus be seen that when thedevice is closed as is illustrated inFig. 10 the arcuate ring sections 9I and I02 and I 03 form'a complete circle. As will appear, means is provided for centering the pivot points 99 and IOI directly in alignment with the pivot points 48 and 49 between the housing section when it is desired to open the apparatus for placing it about a tree.

The means for shifting thecutter control ring mechanism comprises a fluid pressure cylinder I04 having a piston rod I06. The cylinder is pivotally supported as at I 01 from a bracket I08 projecting inwardly from the vertical wall of the section II. The piston rod I06 is pivotally connected as at I09 to a lug III carried by a bracket II 2 fixed to the ring section 9|. Fluid under pressure may be admitted selectively to opposite ends of the cylinder I04 through lines vI I3 and H4.

As best illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and the several sections carry sets of inwardlyprojecting cut- 4 8 tcr assembly supporting frames. Each of these frames comprises inwardly projecting side arms or brackets I I6 and III. The arms are provided with parallel bosses H8 and H9 for receiving the ends of a cross rod or shaft I2I. Inwardly of the bosses are arms 122 which are joined in any suitable manner to the thicker arcuate sections I'Id, I0a, and I9a carried by the respective housing sections. Slidably and pivotally mounted on the pins I2I are sleeves I23 carrying an up-- wardly directed arm I24 adjacent their longitudinal centers.

Fitting rotatably on the upper end of the arm I24 is a roller I26. The roller I26 fits in an arouate slot I21 formed in a bracket I28 carried under the cover portion III) of the housing section II. As best shown in Fig. 9 the bracket I28 is struck on a radius from the center line of the pin I2I, while the slot I21 therein is curved on a curvature emperically determined as will later appear. Sumce it to say here that the object of the roller and slot arrangement is to cause the cutter portion of the cutter assembly to move toward the axial center line of the tree as the apparatus moves thereup.

The sleeve I23 carries depending arms I29 and I3I. The arm I3I has a ball connection I32 on one side thereof for receiving the soc'keted end I33 of a rod I34. The other end of the rod I34 carries a socket end I36 making a universal connection with a ball I3'I carried on a pin I38 secured to the ring section 9|.

The inner upstanding arcuate sections I'Ia, I8a, and I9a are provided with vertical openings I39 to pivotally receive a pin I4I. See Fig. 11. The lower end of the pin is threaded as at I42 and a nut I43 holds the head I44 of the pin in contact with the base of a U-shaped bracket having legs I 41 and I 48. The bracket thus is supported for pivotal movement, the nut I43 not being drawn so tight on the threaded end as to rigidly clamp the bracket for turning movement relative to the top of the sections I'Ia, I8a and I9a.

Mounted on opposed trunnions I49 and I5I between the legs of the U-shaped bracket is the forward end of a cutter assembly housing I52. The trunnions I49 and I5I are carried by a sleeve I53 within which the forward end of the housing I52 is rotatably received. The outer end of the housing I52 is supported on a bracket I54 mounted on the shell or frame of an electric motor I56. The motor in turn is mounted on trunnions I51 and I58 for pivotal movement relative to a mounting ring 159. .The mounting ring I59 is in turn mounted. between thearmsI29 and I3I on trunnions I60 and I 6 I. The trunnions I 49 and I5I carried by the sleeve I53 are free to slide axially between the legs I41 and I48 of the U-shaped bracket. Interposed between the sleeve I53 and the leg I48, which is on that side of the housing I 52 farthest from the center line. of the tree, is' a compression spring I62. The spring162 biases the assembly laterally toward the axial center line of the apparatus and hence serves the purpose of holding the cutters resiliently in engagement with the tree.

The cutter assembly supported from the housing I52 comprises a shaft I63 mounted for rotation at its outer end in a bearing I64 supported inside of the housing I52. The. forward end of the shaft I63 is splined to the hollow end of a shaft I66, and the end of the shaft I66 is supported on a bearing I61 also mounted within the housing I52. The outer end of the shaft I66 "is in turn supported 7 tudinally extending flutes.

11 another bearing I68 within the housing. The cutters! 9, asstated, maybe in the form of elongated concave members having cutting teeth I I in the formof longi- The'cutters may be held to the outer end. of the shaft I66 by means of bolts I69a.'

From what has been so far described relative to the cutter assembly, it will be seen that when pressure is admitted to the cylinder I04 the control ring sections 9i, I02, and I03, shift with respect to the housing sections when the housing isclosed. Through the medium of the rods IS I each of the sets of arms I29 and I3I are raised upwardly or downwardly in response to movementof the ring sections and, due to the coaction of the roller I26 and the slot I21 together with the sliding motion permitted by the pin I55 in the legs I41 and I49, the entire cutter assembly moves laterally toward and from the tree.

The curvature of the slot I21 is such that as the angularity of the axial center of the associated cutter assembly changes relative to the horizontal, the cutter is moved toward and from the tree with a greater or less amount of movement. Thus, the'cutter moves toward the tree a greater distance per unit of upward movement of the motor end of the assembly when the angle between the cutters and the horizontal is at a minimum, and vice-versa. When the cutters are acting on the base of the tree and the entire apparatus is moved along the trunk thereof upwardly, it is 'possible, through the control mechaream "mitted'to the'ends of the cylinder I83 adjacent nism later to be described, to maintain the cutters both at the correct angular relation and at the correct lateral distance from' the tree to compensate for change in diameter of the tree at different places along the length of the trunk thereof. The springs I62 are effective to hold the cuttersresiliently to their work, it being noted that the forward end of the cutter assembly housing can move laterally away from the treedue to the provision of the pivot points I51 and I58.

without moving the control rings.

The apparatus for topping the tree after the same has been barked will now be described. Mounted in the vertical portion 52 of the housing section I1 is a vertically disposed pin I 69. Pivotall mounted on the pin IE9 is an arm I'II carriyng at one end a vertically disposed bearing boss I12 for receiving a shaft I13. On the lower end of the shaft is mounted a circular saw I14, and on the upper end of the shaft I13 is mounted a'pulley I16.

At the opposite end of the, arm HI, and at a distance to substantially balance the arm about the pivot point I69 is an electric motor I11 carrying a drive pulley I18. A belt I19 is trained over the pulleys I16 and I18.

Adjacent the saw end of the armis an outstanding bracket IIlI. Pivotally connected as at I82 to the bracket I8I is the end of a fluid pressure cylinder I83. The cylindercarries-a piston rod I84 which is pivotally connected at I86 to the bracket I81 carried by the part 52 of the housing section I1. Within the cylinder IE3 is a compression spring I88 which abuts at one end against the cylinder 'and'at its other end against the piston I89 carried by the piston rod I84. The efiect of the spring I88 thus is to bias the arm I1I counterclockwise as viewedin Fig.8, assuring that the saw-remains out of control with the cutting elements or the tree until the desired time. Fluid under pressure may be ad the saw through lines I9I and I9Ia.

Referring now particularly to Figs. 5, '7, 10, 14 and 14a, I will now describe the mechanism for clamping the apparatus on the tree after the same has been'barked and topped so that the tree may be supported while being cut by workmay be in the form of V-shaped members with open or separate fingers I94. The clamps I92 and I93 may each embody a boss I96 having an opening I91 therein. Passing through the boss openings I91 are pins I98 anchored in spaced and vertically extending flanges I99 and 20I which are located on the confronting sides of arms 202 and 203. The arms 202 and 203 carry upper and lower sleeves 204 and 20B, 201 and 208, respectively. The sleeves 204 and 201 are slidably mounted for movement toward each other on a rod 209, while the sleeves 206 and 208 are similarly mounted on a rod 2I I. The rods are supported at each end in bosses 2I2 and 2I3 carried by a plate 2M forming a part of the central portion 52 of the housing section I1.

7 It will be seen that the arms 202 and 203 are 2 formed integrally with the sleeve pairs 204, 206, and 201, 208, respectively, and that the arms outstand from the sleeves. Mounted to the arm 202 and its sleeves 204 and 206 is a rack bar 2I6 which projects toward the other clamping unit. similarly mounted to the unit comprising the sleeves 201 and 208 and the arm 203 is another rack bar 2I1. I

Projecting from a vertical rib 2I8 carried as a part of the housing section I1 is a pin 2I9 which extends between the rack bar 2 I 5 and 2 I 1. Rotatably mounted on the pin 2I9 is a pinion 22I which meshes with the rack bars 2H3 and 2I1.

Secured to outstanding plates 222 and 223 carried integrally with the plate 214 are double acting fluid pressure cylinders 224 and 225. The cylinder 224 carries a piston 221 and a piston rod 228. The cylinder 225 carries a piston 229 and a piston rod 23L The piston rod'23l is connected by means of a nut 232 to an ear, 233 outstanding from the sleeve 204. In a similar manner, the piston rod 228 is connected to an ear 233a and held by a nut 232a carried by the sleeve 208. Fluid under pressure may be admitted to the cylinders 224 and 220 through fluid pressure lines 234-436 and 231-238, respectively (see Fig. 18). The clamping members I92 and I93are pivotally mounted for rocking motion about their respective pins I98. This permits the .gripping members to accommodate themselves to the trunk of a tree when they are brought together in response to pressure from the cylinders. Also, the rack and pinion arrangement assures that these units move equally so that they grip the tree at the center of the entire apparatus.

Referring now to Fig. 18 of the drawings, which shows in wholly diagrammatic manner the conbe understood, the controls are located-within reach of the operator of the crane C.

Assuming that the housing section I1, I8 and I9 are closed, and that the apparatus is mounted on the boom of the crane, the first step is to open the housing to permit the same to be placed about a tree. Fluid under pressure is drawn from a reservoir 239 by means of a pump I and passes through a pressure line 242 having therein a check valve 243. In the mannerwell understood, rearwardly of the check valve 243 is an accumulator 244. r

The housing opening cylinder 66 is supplied with fluid under pressure from the pressure line 246 through a valve 241. The" valve 241 may conveniently be a four-way valve without neutral position. Fluid under pressureirom the line 249 is applied to the center of thefv'alve 241 through a line 248, while fluid returning to the valve is returned to the reservoir 239 through a line 249. one end of the valve 241 is connected by a line 25I to the lower end of the valve casing of a normally closed stem operated limit valve 252. The line 69 connected to the cylinder 66 connects also to the opposite connection of the valve 252.

J The valve 252 is mounted on a stationary part of one of the housing sections, preferably the:

section I1. The ring section 9| is provided with an outstanding lug 253 which is disposed to engage the stem 254 of the valve 252 and open the same when the pivot points for the housing sections are vertically aligned with those of the ring sections. Thus, when the pivot points of the ring sections and the housings are aligned, whereby the housing sections may be opened, fluid is free to flow to the cylinder 66 through the line 69. Fluid returning from the cylinder 66 flows through the line 1| to the valve portion of an on-ofi spring closing pilot valve 256 before returning to the valve 241 through a line 251.

As will later appear, the function of the control valve 256 is to make it impossible to open the housing sections unless and until pressure is applied to the clamping members I92 and I93.

The cylinders 224 and 226 for the clamping members I92 and I93 are under control of a fourway valve 258, similar to the valve 241. Interposed in the line 259 leading'from the valve 258 is a pressure regulating valve 26I. The valve 26I connects by a line 262 to the actuating portion 256a or" the valve 256, and the line 262 is continued to connect with lines 236 and 231. The purpose of the regulating valve 26I isto afiord means for holding the members I92 and I93 lightly against the tree so that theyact as guides as the apparatus is moved up the trunk of a tree, and then, by moving the valve 26I to a diilerent position, causing these clamps to grip the tree for lifting purposes.

The movement of the arm I1I carrying the saw I14 is under control of a valve 263, similar to the valves 241 and 258 except that the valve 293 does not have a neutral position. Pressure from the line 246 is admitted selectively to the lines 264 and to the line I9Ia.. Interposed in the line 264 is a pressure and speed regulating valve 266. The line 264 connects to a limit valve 261, similar to the valve 252, which is mounted on a stationary part of the housing section I1. The ring 9| carries a bracket 268 disposed to engage and open the valve 261 by contacting the stem 269, thereof.

When the valve 261 is open fluid under pressure flows through a line 21I to the valve portion of an on-off spring closing pilot valve 212. The line I9I leading to the cylinder I83 connects to the opposite connection of the valve 212. Likewise,

valves 258, 241; Fluid under pressure is supplied to the valve 216 from the line 246, and thence to one end of the cylinder I64 through the line 4. Pressure is supplied through the line 211 having therein a limit valve 218, thence to the line H3.

The valve 218 ha a stem 219 which may be engaged by a part of the housing closing mechamsm, whereby fluid under pressure canneither go to nor return from the cylinder 194 unless and until the housing sections are closed.

in order to prevent closing of the clamping members I92 and I93 except/when the housing opening and closing valve 241 is moved to a position to put fluidunder pressure in line 25I, I provide an on-ofi spring closing pilot valve 28I. The line 282 towhich is connected the lines 234 and 238 from the cylinders 224 and 226 is controlled by the valve portlon260 oi the valve 28L The latch control cylinder 83 maybeenergized by connecting the fluid line 81 thereof to the line 69 leading to the cylinder 66. Thus, whenever the houslngsections commence to open the latch cylinder 83 is placed under pressure, whereby the piston rod 8 thereoi' moves upwardly to dis- 1 engage the latch. v

The cylinder 39, which as will be remembered is the cylinder used to maintain the axial center line of the apparatus aligned with the axial center line of the tree, is under control or a valve 284, being a four-way valve with a closed neutral. Fluid under pressure is admitted to the valve by means of a line 286 from the line 24b, and may return to the reservoir 239 through a line 281. The lines 43 and 44 are connected to the valve 284 in the manner shown.

At 288 I indicate a source of electro-motive force, for instance a generator. Each of the motors I56 may be supplied with energy from the generator 288 through the wires 289 and 29I. A switch 292 may be interposed in the wire 29I, whereby closing of the same, simultaneously energizes all of the motors I56.

In similar manner to that just described for the motors I56, the motor I11 may be supplied with energy from the generator288 through the electrical circuits 293 and 294. The wire 294 may be under control of an electric switch 296.

From the foregoing the method of constructing and using my improved apparatus may now be explained and understood. In carrying out my improved method it is here to be clearly stated that apparatus other than that shown herein may be employed for the purpose. It is believed that as the operation of the method and apparatus is explained this will become apparent.

If it be assumed that the housing sections are closed and latched together, the first step in using the apparatus is to unlatch the housing sections, open them, and place the device about the tree. This is accomplished by moving the valve 241 to a position to admit fluid to the line H. Due

to the valve 252 this cannot be accomplished unmarine]; previously explained whereupon the valve I 261 is suitably adjusted so "that the clamping members I92 and" 193 ride lightly against the side qfthe tree; in order tov guide the apparatus in its upward movement. The switch 292 is closed; energiaing the cutter driving motors [55 and the ring control valve". 16 is manipulated to energize cylinders I04, thus moving all of the V cutter simultaneously and equallyfinto ngage ment with the periphery of the tree. Inf view oithe. provision of the springs each :of the cutters is held resiliently to its work. i The boom oi the crane isnow raised upwardlmmoving'fthe entire apparatus upwardly along the trunk' of. the

tree and thebark is removed by the cutters. r n'l as nsu m pr iett s m th Detai s ss th t t auslu e itv e utters. 9 -ml sifiincre s e iv t the. b l zontal as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

h s s v mp s e b s ta l m ir gnb va v f 16 mov t r n sgctiossar und hus, low r n h m or an o ea h o i s. Si l n o sly v th the p rins f the. cutter ends thepins 126 move in the suitably rmed. l ts 121. w n...

more closely toward a, common center na nelv the axial center of the tree, thus. to compensate.

. hecutters are, urged or. the de r ase i diame er. ithe t as th p ara us. mov s nw rdln Aiter, the. apparatus has progressediup the tree as tar as is, desired. the switch 295 is closed,

energizingjmotor ll]. and driving the saw I'M Tbe saw is new swungover the center of the pparat by s i a lamn uu aii l efit topping the tree... The saw is now withdrawn.

fromthe, tree, andjthe. apparatus is lowered down to a point where the clamping. membersv Hi2 and H33 reach a position, just above. the center of tree 'the cutting, conical ends 12 engagethe limb an re o e. It w n te at a h an:

length.

gravity of, the tree. trunk. Having reached this position the cylinders" 2241an'd 22:6. are energized totightly. clamp'the. members [9.2 and [9.3. and

the slack is taken out of the. crane boom, thus supporting the tree- Workmen now out the tree alongthe line inear the. basejthereof whereupon the-treemay. be swung over. onto a. suitable vehicl'e, not Shown; for transportation to the.

saw mill" without permitting it. to strilgfthe' ground. Due to the pivotal. connection of the apparatu's'to the craneboom afforded by 'the hoss' 34 and bearings 29 and. 31., the buttendoi the tree maybe. placed. on the vehicle bed andthe tree lowered; onto; the vehicle. with its lower'end' resting, on the vehicle bed, the gripping iel'ementsa're released'and. the crane Holding the tree boom suitably moved to slide the apparatus on the end of the tree. Alte'rnatel'y,v having'pl'aced the tree over. the "vehicie with its lower end resting. thereon, the. housing. sections. may be separated andthen the clamp members suddenly withdrawn, permitting the. tree. to partially fall or'itothe vehicle. i v It. will be seen from the foregoing. that I have;

devised a improved apparatus. for barking and lirnbing. trees andior topping the same as well as for loading them. onto. vehicles. Further, it will be. appreciated that my improved method may be carried out by. variousforms of apparatus, andahence I do. notwish. to be limited to the carrying out of. themethod by any'particular apparatus.

invention is particularly adap-.- tive for use in connection with the harvesting of pine trees for timber purposes and it: will .beapparent that slabsfrom the cutting or the trees- 12 into lumber are-readily usable for various our poses, such for instance'as in making paper.

While I have shown my invention in but one form, itxwill be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not SQ-limited, but is susceptible of various changes. and modifications without departing fromthe spirit thereof, and I desire therefore" that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as. are specifically set forth in the appended'claims.

What I claim is:

V 1. In apparatus for barking standing trees, an

arcuate supporting frame section, a. pair of. other arcuate'frame sections pivoted to the ends ofv the supporting frame section for movement laterally 'thereof and coopor'able therewith and'with each other to define a frame structure completely surrounding the trunk'of the. tree to be barked, means carried by the several. frame sections and operatively' connected thereto for moving the pivoted: sections relative to each other for opening the frame for placing about the trunk of a tree 'a plurality oirotary driven cutting elements relatively arranged to define between them a cuta ting circle substantially co-extensive in periphery with. the periphe'ry'of the tree trunk, means to move the apparatus along the tree, and. means operable to contract and. enlarge the cutting circle formed by said cutters thereby to accommodate them tothe body of the tree throughout its usable 2. In apparatus of the character described, an

annular housing embodying. a. supporting segher and said cutterassemblies operable upon the sliding movement of said member to change the angleof elevation of the longitudinal axes of the cutters. means connecting thehousing. to the cutter assemblies for. mov-ihgthe cutters. toward the. tree, upon. increasing the angle of elevation of. 'said longitudinal axes and for moving the cutters. away from. the tree. upon. decreasing allele, and power; operated: means for :moving. thecutter. assembly tilting mechanism.

3-. In apparatus: for barking. standing trees, a. housing disposed to" encircle the. trunk of the treenaplurality of bark. removing: cutters, means in the housing mounting-the cuttersafer rotation, said mounting means being relatively arranged scras to' encircle the tree trunk, electric motors for driving each cutter; means operatively connected to each" cutter for moving it toward and.

from'ythe longitudinal. center line of the tree.

trunk, said last'named means, comprising a. ring.-

lik'e 'control. member. supported from. the. housing and s'hift'able. relative. to the. housing, aconnec tion operatively interposed between each cutter and said ring-like member, brackets. carried bythe housing. and. having curved slots therein, other membersoperatively connected to; the cutters andslidably fitting in the: slot; and means to mover the control. member whereby the cutters: sinmltaneously" move inthe same direction rela-- tive'tozthe centerlines on the tree trunk through.

13 the co-ac tion of the slotted brackets and the members slidable therein.

4. In apparatus for barking standing trees, a housing generally annular in shape and comprising sections hinged together for relative lateral movement, a plurality of cutter assemblies in the housing each of which comprises a cutter shaft support extending generally radially inwardly of the housing sections, means pivotally supporting the cutter shaft support adjacent its inner end for movement about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the annular housing, a cutter shaft in said support extending inwardly of the housing past the pivotal support, a tree engaging cutter on the inner end of the shaft, a driving motor for the shaft carried on the outer end of the shaft support, means supporting the shaft support adjacent its outer end for sliding and swinging movement, said second named means having a portion slidable along a chord of the annular housing, said chord lying in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the housing, means acting on said second named means to raise and lower the outer end of the cutter shaft support, and means co-acting between the housing and said second named means for sliding the motor end of the shaft support in one direction, while the same is being raised, and in the opposite direction, while the same is being lowered.

5. Apparatus as defined in claim 4 in which the means to raise and lower the outer ends of the cutter shaft support comprises a ring to which each of the cutter shaft supports is operatively connected, means mounting said rings for movement concentrically within the annular housing, connections between the ring and the outer ends of the shaft supports, and power operated means for moving said ring.

6. Apparatus as defined inclaim 4 in which the inner ends of the cutter shaft supports are slidably mounted, at the point where the same are pivotally supported, for movement along a chord parallel to said first named chord.

7. Apparatus as defined in claim 6 in which the inner ends of the cuttershaft supports are spring biased in a direction along said second named chord and toward the longitudinal axis of the housing.

HUGH KSHUFF.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

